In Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2, several components have new or improved features:
Master Data Services :
Master Data Services is comprised of a database, configuration tool, Web application, and Web service that you use to manage your organization’s master data and maintain an auditable record of that data as it changes over time. You use models and hierarchies to group and organize data to prepare it for further use in business intelligence and reporting tools, data warehouses, and other operational systems. Master Data Services integrates with source systems and incorporates business rules to become the single source of master data across your organization.
PowerPivot for SharePoint :
PowerPivot for Excel and PowerPivot for SharePoint are client and server components that integrate Analysis Services with Excel and SharePoint. You use PowerPivot for Excel to create PowerPivot workbooks that assemble and relate large amounts of data from different sources. On a SharePoint farm, PowerPivot for SharePoint adds shared services and infrastructure for querying and managing PowerPivot workbooks that you publish to SharePoint.
Multi-Server Administration and Data-Tier Application :
The SQL Server Utility forms a central repository for performance data and management policies that tailor the operation of instances of the Database Engine that have been enrolled in the utility. It also includes a Utility Explorer for centralized management, and dashboards that report the state of the managed instances. A data-tier application (DAC) forms a single unit for developing, deploying, and managing the database objects used by an application.